Online Etymology Dictionary

indentured (adj.): "bound by indenture," 1757, past participle adjective from indenture (v.).
independence (n.): 1630s; see independent + -ence. Earlier in same sense was independency (1610s). U.S. Independence Day (July 4) recorded under that name by 1791.
independent (adj.): 1610s, from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + dependent. French independant is attested from c.1600; Italian independente from 1590s. Noun meaning "person not acting as part of a political party" is from 1808. Related: Independently.
indescribable (adj.): 1794, from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + describable (see describe). Related: Indescribably; indescribability. In same sense, Old English had unasecgendlic.
indescript (adj.): "undescribed," 1854, from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + Latin descriptus, past participle of describere (see describe).
indestructibility (n.): 1670s, see indestructible + -ity.
indestructible (adj.): early 15c., from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + destructible. Related: Indestructibly.
indeterminable (adj.): late 15c., from Late Latin indeterminabilis "that cannot be defined," from in- "not" (see in- (1)) + determinabilis, from determinare (see determine).
indeterminacy (n.): 1640s, see indeterminate + -acy.
indeterminate (adj.): late 14c., from Late Latin indeterminatus "undefined," from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + determinatus, past participle of determinare (see determine). Related: Indeterminately.
index (n.): late 14c., "the forefinger," from Latin index (genitive indicis) "forefinger, pointer, sign, list," literally "anything which points out," from indicare "point out" (see indication). Meaning "list of a book's contents" is first attested 1570s, from Latin phrases such as Index Nominum "Index of Names," index expurgatorius "specification of passages to be deleted from works otherwise permitted." Scientific sense (refractive index, etc.) is from 1829; economic sense (cost-of-living index, etc.) is from 1870, from the scientific usage, from sense "an indicator." The Church sense of "forbidden books" is from index librorum prohibitorum, first published 1564 by authority of Pius IV.
index (v.): "compile an index," 1720, from index (n.). Related: Indexed; indexing.
indexation (n.): 1960, noun of action from index (v.).
India: Old English, from Latin India, from Greek India "region of the Indus River," later used of the region beyond it, from Indos "Indus River," from Old Persian Hindu, the name for the province of Sind, from Sanskrit sindhu "river." The more common Middle English form was Ynde or Inde, From French (see Indies). India began to prevail 16c., perhaps under Spanish or Portuguese influence.
Indian: "inhabit of India or South Asia," c.1300 (noun and adjective); applied to the native inhabitants of the Americas from at least 1553, on the mistaken notion that America was the eastern end of Asia. Red Indian, to distinguish them from inhabitants of India, is first attested 1831 (Carlyle) but was not commonly used in North America. More than 500 modern phrases include Indian, most of them U.S. and most impugning honesty or intelligence, e.g. Indian giver, first attested 1765 in Indian gift:
An Indian gift is a proverbial expression, signifying a present for which an equivalent return is expected. [Thomas Hutchinson, "History of Massachusetts Bay," 1765]
Meaning "one who gives a gift and then asks for it back" first attested 1892.
Indian Ocean: first attested 1515 in Modern Latin (Oceanus Orientalis Indicus), named for India, which projects into it; earlier it was the Eastern Ocean, as opposed to the Western Ocean (Atlantic) before the Pacific was surmised.
Indian summer (n.): "spell of warm weather after the first frost," first recorded 1778, American English, perhaps so called because it was first noted in regions inhabited by Indians, or because the Indians first described it to the Europeans. No evidence connects it with the color of fall leaves or a season of Indian attacks on settlements. It is the American version of British All-Hallows summer, French été de la Saint-Martin (feast day Nov. 11), etc. Also colloquial was St. Luke's summer (or little summer), period of warm weather occurring about St. Luke's day (Oct. 18).
Indiana: named mid-18c. by French explorers or settlers; see Indian + Latin-derived place-name suffix -ana. Organized as a U.S. territory 1800, admitted as a state 1816.
Indianapolis: city in Indiana, U.S., founded 1821, from Indiana + -polis.
Indic (adj.): 1877, from Latin Indicus or Greek Indikos "of India;" see India.
indicate (v.): 1650s, back-formation from indication, or else from Latin indicatus, past participle of indicare "to point out, show, indicate, declare" (see indication). Related: Indicated; indicating.
indication (n.): early 15c., from Latin indicationem (nominative indicatio) "an indicating; valuation," noun of action from past participle stem of indicare "point out, show," from in- "into, in, on, upon" (see in- (2)) + dicare "proclaim," from stem of dicere "to speak, to say" (see diction).
indicative (adj.): mid-15c., from Old French indicatif (14c.), from Late Latin indicativus, from indicat-, past participle stem of Latin indicare (see indication).
indicator (n.): 1660s, from Late Latin indicator, agent noun from indicare (see indication). As a finger muscle, from 1690s.
indices (n.): according to OED, the plural form of index preferable in scientific and mathematical senses of that word.
indicia (n.): "indications," Latin plural of indicium "information, disclosure, discovery," from index (genitive indicis); see index.
indict (v.): c.1300, from Anglo-French enditer "accuse, indict" (late 13c.), Old French enditer "to dictate or inform," from Late Latin *indictare "to declare, proclaim in writing," from Latin in- "in" (see in- (2)) + dictare "to say, compose in words" (see dictate). Retained its French pronunciation even after the spelling was re-Latinized c.1600. In classical Latin, indictus meant "not said, unsaid." Related: Indictable; indicted; indicting.
indiction (n.): late 14c., "period of fifteen years," a chronological unit of the Romans, originally for taxation purposes, fixed by Constantine and reckoned from Sept. 1, 312; it was still in use in the Middle Ages. From Latin indictionem (nominative indictio) "declaration, appointment," noun of action from past participle stem of indicere (see indictive).
indictive (adj.): 1650s, from Latin indictivus "proclaimed," from indicere "to declare, announce," from in- "in" (see in- (2)) + dicere "to speak" (see diction).
indictment (n.): c.1300, endytement "action of accusing," from Anglo-French enditement, from enditer (see indict). Meaning "legal document containing a charge" is from c.1500. Latin spelling restored 17c.
indie (n.): "independent record company," 1945, shortening of independent (among the earliest mentioned were Continental, Majestic, and Signature); used of film production companies since 1920s, of theaters from 1942; extended by 1984 to a type of pop music issued by such labels.
Indies: 1550s, plural of Indie, Indy, from Middle English Ynde (early 13c.) "India," from the Old French form of Latin India (see India). Commonly applied to Asia and the East, later applied to the Caribbean basin, in a time of geographical confusion, which was distinguished from Asia proper by being called the West Indies.
indifference (n.): mid-15c., from Latin indifferentia "want of difference, similarity," noun of quality from indifferentem (see indifferent).
indifferent (adj.): late 14c., "unbiased," from Old French indifferent "impartial" or directly from Latin indifferentem (nominative indifferens) "not differing, not particular, of not consequence, neither good nor evil," from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + differens, present participle of differre "set apart" (see differ). Extended sense of "apathetic" first recorded early 15c.; that of "neither good nor bad" 1530s, on notion of "neither more nor less advantageous."
indifferently (adv.): c.1400, from indifferent + -ly (2).
indigence (n.): late 14c., from Old French indigence "indigence, need, privation" (13c.), from Latin indigentia "need, want; insatiable desire," from indigentem (nominative indigens), present participle of indigere "to need," from indu "in, within" + egere "be in need, want," from PIE *eg- "to lack" (cf. Old Norse ekla "want, lack," Old High German eccherode "thin, weak").
indigency (n.): 1610s, from Latin indigentia (see indigence).
indigene: 1590s (adj.); 1660s (n.); from French indigène (16c.), from Latin indigena "sprung from the land," as a noun, "a native," literally "in-born" (see indigenous).
indigenous (adj.): 1640s, from Late Latin indigenus "born in a country, native," from Latin indigena "sprung from the land," as a noun, "a native," literally "in-born," or "born in (a place)," from Old Latin indu "in, within" (earlier endo) + *gene-, root of gignere (perf. genui) "beget," from PIE *gen- "produce" (see genus).
indigent (adj.): c.1400, from Old French indigent, from Latin indigentem (see indigence). As a noun, "poor person," from early 15c.
indigestible (adj.): late 15c., from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + digestible; or else from Late Latin indigestibilis. Related: Indigestibility.
indigestion (n.): late 14c., from Old French indigestion (13c.), from Late Latin indigestionem (nominative indigestio), from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + digestionem (see digestion).
indignance (n.): 1580s; see indignant + -ance. Indignancy is attested from 1790.
indignant (adj.): 1580s, from Latin indignantem (nominative indignans) "impatient, reluctant, indignant," present participle of indignari "to be displeased at, be indignant" (see indignation). Related: Indignantly.
indignation (n.): c.1200, from Old French indignacion or directly from Latin indignationem (nominative indignatio) "indignation, displeasure," noun of action from past participle stem of indignari "regard as unworthy, be angry or displeased at," from indignus "unworthy," from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + dignus "worthy" (see dignity).
indignity (n.): 1580s, "unworthiness," also "unworthy treatment; act intended to expose someone to contempt," from Latin indignitatem (nominative indignitas) "unworthiness, meanness, baseness," also "unworthy conduct, an outrage," noun of quality from indignus "unworthy" (see indignation). Related: Indignities.
indigo (n.): 1550s, from Spanish indico, Portuguese endego, and Dutch (via Portuguese) indigo, all from Latin indicum "indigo," from Greek indikon "blue dye from India," literally "Indian (substance)," neuter of indikos "Indian," from India (see India). As "the color of indigo" from 1620s. Replaced Middle English ynde (late 13c., from Old French inde, from Latin indicum). Earlier name in Mediterranean languages was annil, anil (see aniline).
indirect (adj.): late 14c., from Middle French indirect (14c.) or directly from Late Latin indirectus, from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + directus (see direct). Related: Indirectness.
indirection (n.): c.1600, from indirect + -ion.
indirectly (adv.): mid-15c., from indirect + -ly (2).