Online Etymology Dictionary

jive (v.1): 1928, "to deceive playfully," also "empty, misleading talk" (n.) and "a style of fast, lively jazz and dance music," American English, from Black English, probably of African origin (cf. Wolof jev, jeu "talk about someone absent, especially in a disparaging manner"). Related: Jived; jiving. Used from 1938 for "New York City African-American slang."
jive (v.2): "agree," 1943, apparently a mistake for jibe (q.v.).
jive (adj.): "not acting right," 1969, U.S. black English, from jive (n.) (see jive (1)). Extended form jive-ass (1964, adj.; 1969, n.) is defined in OED as "A word of fluid meaning and application."
jo: Scottish form of joy, attested from 1520s as a term of endearment.
Joan: fem. proper name, originally Joanna, fem. of Johannes (see John). Often 17c.-18c. used as a generic name for a female rustic. Among U.S. births, a top 10 name for girls born between 1930 and 1937.
job (n.): 1550s, in phrase jobbe of worke "piece of work" (contrasted with continuous labor), of uncertain origin, perhaps a variant of gobbe "mass, lump" (c.1400; see gob) via sense of "a cart-load." Sense of "work done for pay" first recorded 1650s. Thieves' slang sense of "theft, robbery, a planned crime" is from 1722. Printing sense is from 1795. Slang meaning "specimen, thing, person" is from 1927.
job. (1) A low mean lucrative busy affair. (2) Petty, piddling work; a piece of chance work. [Johnson's Dictionary]
On the job "hard at work" is from 1882. Job lot is from obsolete sense of "cartload, lump," which might also ultimately be from gob. Job security attested by 1954; job description by 1920; job-sharing by 1972.
Job: Biblical masc. proper name, from Hebrew Iyyobh, which according to some scholars is literally "hated, persecuted," from ayyabh "he was hostile to," related to ebhah "enmity." Others say it means "the penitent one."
job (v.): 1660s, "to buy and sell as a broker," from job (n.). Meaning "to cheat, betray" is from 1903. Related: Jobbed; jobbing.
jobber (n.): "one who does odd jobs," 1706, agent noun from job.
jobless: 1905 (adj.), 1909 (n.), from job (n.) + -less. Related: Joblessness.
Jocelin: masc. proper name with many variant forms, introduced in English by the Normans, from Old High German Gautelen, from Gauta, literally "Goth" (see Goth). French fem. form is Joceline.
Jocelyn: proper name, variant of Jocelin.
jock (n.): 1952, short for jockstrap "supporter of the male genital organs," which also meant, in slang, "athletic male." Jock with the meaning "an athletic man" is from 1963, American English slang.
jockey (n.): 1520s, "boy, fellow," originally a Scottish proper name, variant of Jack. The meaning "person who rides horses in races" first attested 1660s.
jockey (v.): 1708, "trick, outwit, gain advantage," from jockey (n.) perhaps from its former additional sense of "horse trader" (1680s). Meaning "to ride a horse in a race" is from 1767. Related: Jockeyed; jockeying.
jockstrap (n.): also jock-strap, "supporter of the male genital organs, used in sports," 1897, with strap (n.) + jock slang for "penis" c.1650-c.1850, probably from Jock, the nickname for John, which was used generically for "common man" from c.1500.
jocose (adj.): 1670s, from Latin iocosus "full of jesting, joking," from iocus "pastime, sport; a jest, joke" (see joke (n.)). Implies ponderous humor. Related: Jocosely; jocoseness.
jocosity (n.): 1640s; see jocose + -ity.
jocular (adj.): 1620s, from Latin iocularis "funny, comic," from ioculus, diminutive of iocus (see joke (n.)). Implies evasion of an issue by a joke.
jocularity (n.): 1640s, from Medieval Latin iocularitas "jocular, facetious," from iocularis (see jocular).
jocund (adj.): late 14c., from Latin iocundus (source of Spanish jocunde, Italian giocondo), variant (influenced by iocus "joke") of Latin iucundus "pleasant," originally "helpful," contraction of *iuvicundus, from iuvare "to please, benefit, help" (see adjutant).
jocundity (n.): early 15c., from Late Latin iocunditas, from iocundus (see jocund).
jod (n.): Medieval Latin spelling of Hebrew letter yodh (see iota). Also cf. jot.
jodhpurs (n.): 1913 (earlier as jodhpur breeches, 1899), from Jodhpur, former state in northwestern India. The city at the heart of the state was founded 1459 by Rao Jodha, a local ruler, and is named for him.
joe (n.): "coffee," by 1941, perhaps late 1930s, of unknown origin. Meaning "generic fellow, man" is from 1846, from the pet-form of Joseph (q.v.). Joe college "typical college man" is from 1932. Joe Blow "average fellow" is U.S. military slang, first recorded 1941.
Joe Miller (n.): "stale joke," 1816, from Joseph Miller (1684-1738), a comedian, whose name was affixed after his death to a popular jest-book, "Joe Miller's jests, or the Wit's Vade-mecum" (1739) compiled by John Mottley.
joe-pye weed (n.): 1818, said to be so called from the name of an Indian who used it to cure typhus in New England.
Joel: masc. proper name, from Hebrew Yoh'el, name of a minor Old Testament prophet, literally "the Lord is God;" the same name as Elijah (q.v.) but with the elements reversed. But the personal name that became common in Devon and Cornwall and the Breton districts of Yorkshire and the Eastern Counties immediately after the Conquest is from Old Breton Iudhael, from Iud- "chief, lord" + hael "generous." It is the source of the modern British surname Joel, as well as Jewell, Joule, and Jolson.
joey (n.): "young kangaroo," 1839, sometimes said to be from a native Australian word joè, but more recently often said to be of unknown origin. Perhaps an extended use of Joey, the familiar form of the male proper name Joseph, for which Partridge lists many common or coarse meanings in 20c. Australian slang. Farmer & Henley ("Slang and Its Analogues") quote an 1887 article on "Australian Colloquialisms":
JOEY is a familiar name for anything young or small, and is applied indifferently to a puppy, or a kitten, or a child, while a WOOD-AND-WATER-JOEY is a hanger about hotels and a doer of odd jobs.
jog (v.): 1540s, "to shake up and down," perhaps altered from Middle English shoggen "to shake, jolt, move with a jerk" (late 14c.), of uncertain origin. Meanings "shake," "stir up by hint or push," and "walk or ride with a jolting pace" are from 16c. The main modern sense in reference to running as training mostly dates from 1948; at first a regimen for athletes, it became a popular fad c.1967. Perhaps this sense is extended from its use in horsemanship.
Jogging. The act of exercising, or working a horse to keep him in condition, or to prepare him for a race. There is no development in jogging, and it is wholly a preliminary exercise to bring the muscular organization to the point of sustained, determined action. [Samuel L. Boardman, "Handbook of the Turf," New York, 1910]
Related: Jogged; jogging. As a noun from 1610s.
jogger (n.): c.1700, "one who walks heavily," also "one who gives a sudden push;" agent noun from jog (v.). Running sense is from 1968.
jogging (n.): 1560s, verbal noun from jog (v.). In the running exercise sense, from 1948. As an adjective, by 1971.
joggle (v.): 1510s, apparently a frequentative of jog, though attested earlier than it. Related: Joggled; joggling. Carpentry sense is from 1703, of unknown origin. As a noun from 1727.
Johannine (adj.): "of or pertaining to the Apostle John," 1861, from Latin Joannes (see John) + -ine (1).
John: masc. proper name, mid-12c., from Medieval Latin Johannes, from Late Latin Joannes, from Greek Ioannes, from Hebrew Yohanan (in full y'hohanan) literally "Jehovah has favored," from hanan "he was gracious."

As the name of John the Baptist and John the Evangelist, it was one of the most common Christian given names, and in England by early 14c. it rivaled William in popularity. The Old French form was Jean, but in England its variants Johan, Jehan yielded Jan, Jen (cf. surname Jensen). Welsh form was Ieuan (see Evan), but Ioan was adopted for the Welsh Authorized Version of the Bible, hence frequency of Jones as a Welsh surname.
john (n.): "toilet," 1932, probably from jakes, used for "toilet" since 15c. Meaning "prostitute's customer" is from 1911, probably from the common, and thus anonymous, name by which they identified themselves. Meaning "policeman" is 1858, from shortening of johndarm, jocular anglicization of gendarme.
John Bull: "Englishman who exemplifies the national character," 1772, from name of a character representing the English nation in Arbuthnot's satire "History of John Bull" (1712).
John Doe: fictitious plaintiff in a legal action, attested from 1768 (in Blackstone). The fictitious defendant was Richard Roe. Replaced earlier John-a-nokes (1530s), who usually was paired with John-a-stiles. By 1852, John Doe was being used for "any man whose name is not known." John Doe warrant attested from 1935.
John Hancock: colloquial for "signature," 1903 (sometimes, through some unexplainable error, John Henry), from the Boston merchant and rebel (1736-1793), signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. The extended sense is from his signing that dangerous document first or most flamboyantly.
John Hancock, president of Congress, was the first to sign the Declaration of Independence, writing his name in large, plain letters, and saying: "There; John Bull can read my name without spectacles. Now let him double the price on my head, for this is my defiance." [Hélène Adeline Guerber, "The Story of the Thirteen Colonies," New York, 1898]
The family name is attested from 1276 in Yorkshire, a diminutive (see cock) of Hann, a very common given name in 13c. Yorkshire as a pet form of Henry or John.
John Q. Public (n.): "average American citizen," attested from 1934.
Johnny: pet form of masc. proper name John (see -y (3)). Used as a contemptuous or humorous designation for some class or group of men from 1670s (e.g. the typical name in the North and the Northern armies for a Confederate soldier during the American Civil War). In the Mediterranean, it was a typical name for an Englishman by c.1800; in the Crimean War, it became the typical name among the English for "a Turk," later extended to "an Arab" (who by World War II were using it in turn as the typical name for "a British man"). Johnny-come-lately first attested 1839.
johnny-cake (n.): 1739, American English, of unknown origin, perhaps from Shawnee cake, from the Indian tribe. Folk etymology since 1775, however, connects it to journey cake.
johnson (n.): "penis," 1863, perhaps related to British slang John Thomas, which has the same meaning (1887).
joie de vivre (n.): 1889, French, literally "joy of living."
join (v.): c.1300, from stem of Old French joindre "join, connect, unite; have sexual intercourse with" (12c.), from Latin iungere "to join together, unite, yoke," from PIE *yeug- "to join, unite" (see jugular). Related: Joined; joining. In Middle English, join sometimes is short for enjoin. Join up "enlist in the army" is from 1916. Phrase if you can't beat them, join them is from 1953.
joinder (n.): "act of joining together" (usually in specific legal senses), c.1600, from French joindre "to join," taken as a noun (see join).
joiner (n.): early 14c. (late 12c. as a surname), joynour "maker of furniture, small boxes, etc.," from Old French joigneor "joiner, carpenter," agent noun from joindre "to join" (see join). A craftsman who did lighter and more ornamental work than a carpenter. Meaning "one who makes a habit of joining" (societies, clubs, etc.) is from 1890. Related: Joinery.
joint (n.): late 13c., "a part of a body where two bones meet and move in contact with one another," from Old French joint "joint of the body" (12c.), from Latin iunctus "united, connected, associated," past participle of iungere "join" (see jugular). Related: Joints. Slang meaning of "place, building, establishment" (especially one where persons meet for shady activities) first recorded 1877, American English, from an earlier Anglo-Irish sense (1821), perhaps on the notion of a side-room, one "joined" to a main room. The original U.S. sense was especially of "an opium-smoking den."

Meaning "marijuana cigarette" (1938) is perhaps from notion of something often smoked in common, but there are other possibilities; earlier joint in drug slang meant "hypodermic outfit" (1935). Meaning "prison" is attested from 1953 but probably is older. Out of joint in the figurative sense is from early 15c. (literally, of bone displacement, late 14c.).
joint (adj.): early 15c., "united," from Old French jointiz (adj.) and joint, literally "joined," past participle of joindre (see join (v.)).
jointed (adj.): early 15c., from joint (n.).